According to the Iran International Stone Exhibition, the business environment is a set of factors and conditions that affect the activity of an enterprise, but is beyond the control of the enterprise management and can facilitate or slow down economic and production activities. Currently, according to the latest World Bank report on ease of doing business in Iran, which was published in 2020, Iran is ranked 127th out of 190 countries, which shows the poor state of the business environment in Iran. This has undoubtedly been effective in slowing down the production process in the country.

The unpreparedness of the business environment for production has taken place in a situation where the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution in the naming of recent years has placed great emphasis on the category of production and this year is also called "production; "Supports, Debugging". Based on this, it seems that one of the strategies of policymakers to fulfill the slogan of the year should be to improve the business environment and reduce barriers to production.
 
Negative impact of returned checks on the business environment

Banking researcher Mohammad Sadegh Amani One of the obstacles that has caused many problems for economic actors in recent years has been the frequent return of checks. Because checks in the hands of economic operators were mostly used as a tool for future payments, failure to pass each check made it difficult to meet the other obligations of the firms, and at times disrupted the entire cash flow process.

He added: "This problem was so serious that economic organizations in a report published by the Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly on monitoring the business environment of Iran in the fall of 1995, introduced the return of checks of customers and partners as the sixth unfavorable component of the business environment." . In this regard, statistics show that in 1996, the ratio of the value of returned checks to the total number of checks issued was about 23%, which was considered a high statistic.
 
Increase of returned checks and invalidity of checks in the market

The banking expert says that the high value and number of returned checks had damaged the credit of the check in the market and some economic actors refused to receive the check from strangers. This caused some enterprises to stop continuing or developing their productive activities. In these circumstances, in 1997, the new law of the Czech Republic was approved by the parliament with the approach of accrediting the check as a means of high payment, and from December of the same year, it was communicated to the executive bodies according to the schedule.

He continued: The implementation of several stages of the new law by the enforcement agencies caused the value of returned checks to be relatively 23%, which was about 23% in 1396, in a year ending November of last year, with a significant decrease to 11%. However, not all the tasks of the new Czech law have been implemented yet, and it is expected that with the full implementation of the new Czech law and the increasing validity of the check in the hands of traders, the business environment will be facilitated for production activities.
 
Restore the validity of the check with the full implementation of the new check law

Amani believes; Important parts of the new check law, which include the issuance of new fishing checks and the requirement to register check information in the Central Bank fishing system, are currently in force and are expected to determine the positive results of this phase of the new check law in the near future. Be.

In this regard, it should be said that with the mandatory registration of identity information such as maturity date, amount and identity of the recipient in the Central Bank fishing system, the possibility of establishing information symmetry as an important innovation of the new Czech law is provided, thus an important step to increase the credit Will be removed in economic exchanges.

By registering the information of all checks in Sayad system, the recipient of the check can inquire about the latest status of the check issuer before receiving the final check, and after knowing the authorized credit limit, the history of returned checks in the last three years and the amount of unsettled checks obligations, To receive or reject the check. This will allow the recipients of the check to receive the check with more confidence, and thus the entire production chain will be able to use the check for their exchanges with confidence.
 
Business boom as a result of the implementation of the new Czech law

In this regard, Jabbar Kouchakinejad, a member of the Education and Research Commission of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, said about the positive effects of the implementation of this stage of the new Czech law: "With the implementation of the new Czech law, the business market has flourished and the country's monetary and banking flows are more transparent It becomes.

He added: "Registration of check systems, fishing system and electronic checks are the unimplemented parts of the new check law that should be given priority by the central bank."

Kouchakinejad said that the new check law is effective in reducing the number of returned checks and can also reduce the number of check-related cases in the judiciary.
 
The need for full implementation of the law by the central bank

The implementation of the previous stages of the new Czech law has had positive results on increasing the credit of the check as one of the means of payment, and it is expected that with the full implementation of the new Czech law in the year of "production; "Supports, de-barriers", the barriers resulting from the reduction of the Czech credit in exchanges are minimized. To achieve this goal, it is necessary for various agencies, such as the central bank, to fully comply with their legal obligations, so that economic actors can continue their economic activities more easily.