According to the International Iranian Stone Exhibition, most of the raw materials used in industries and factories such as iron, aluminum, copper, cement, etc., which are perhaps the most important and most widely used tools and consumables are made of them, such as buildings, cars, home appliances, Mobile phones, etc. are obtained through mining. For this reason, many problems arise in how to use minerals. One of these issues that may come to mind before any other issue is the issue of "mine ownership".

According to the law, private ownership of mines in the Islamic Republic of Iran is excluded, but the law allows the right to use mines, provided that the Islamic government pays the fee and also the consent of private or state owners of the land in which the mine is located. Many other governments of the world also classify mines as public and national property and spend them in the interests of society. This is in line with reason and logic, and it is not an issue that only Islam and the Iranian constitution have addressed.

Legally, Anfal cannot be considered individual property, because if the ownership of this property is transferred to individuals or legal entities outside the sphere of sovereignty, it is feared that the public interest will be ignored; Accordingly, the transfer of ownership of the mines to individuals and legal entities has no legal validity, and only the transfer of benefits, long-term lease, forgery, peace or debauchery of these mines by the government to other individuals is possible. According to Article 12 of the Mining Law, the right to exploit large mines is only in the hands of the government and their exploitation cannot be left to the private sector or even cooperatives. According to the law, the manner of exploitation of large mines is determined by the government board, and the documents of such mines are issued in the name of the Organization for Development and Renovation of Mines and Mining Industries, as the representative of the government.

Government rights of mines in the budget

The spokesman of the Parliamentary Committee on Industries and Mines, stating that the budget of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade will increase by about 46% next year compared to this year, said: about 1,800 billion Tomans for the current expenses of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade in next year's budget Has been.

Hojjatullah Firoozi, while announcing the proposed budget for the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade, said: Revenues from government ownership in the communications and information technology sector, including network royalties and fines for non-fulfillment of obligations of about 6 thousand and 980 billion tomans and revenues from proprietary interest and The state salary of the mines is about 4 thousand billion tomans.

According to the spokesman of the Industries and Mines Commission of the parliament, according to next year's budget bill, tax revenues of 247 thousand billion Tomans, construction costs of 104 thousand billion Tomans and sale of bonds of 125 thousand billion Tomans have been predicted.

Income from the place of ownership

The projected figures for government revenue from government rights and ownership are stated while in the first 8 months of this year, the government earned 18 thousand and 422 billion tomans from the ownership of enterprises and mines and the like. Revenues from government ownership are included in the budget revenue heading, which has three sub-categories, including dividends for state-owned companies, rent, and other revenues from ownership.

In the first eight months of this year, state-owned companies have paid dividends of 6.4 trillion tomans to the government, which is 48% realized. Also, from the lease, the government gained only 33 billion tomans with a realization of 27%. Last year's performance is over 65 billion tomans. For next year, 150 billion tomans was predicted from this place.

Despite the loss of a large number of state-owned companies, considering that in this year's budget, 59 companies have been declared solely unprofitable, 50% of the special dividend of the expressed dividend has increased from 12 thousand billion Tomans to 15 thousand billion Tomans for next year. Considering that in paragraph c of note 2 of next year's bill, the dividends of companies with a government share of less than 50% are followed up and received through parent companies, and compared to the corresponding paragraph this year, the row related to dividends of these companies this year from Next year's budget bill has been eliminated. Despite the fact that the ownership interest and government rights of the mines have increased from 2824 billion tomans to 4000 billion tomans, the loss and resumption of some large state-owned companies, especially state-owned banks, has eliminated most of the 130425 line resources. Revenue is 2% of the cost of state-owned companies, banks and state-owned for-profit institutions; As the projected budget of 17640 billion Tomans this year in next year's bill has been reduced to 4000 billion Tomans and in other government property revenues we are witnessing a decrease compared to last year's budget.

On the other hand, forecasting 4,000 billion tomans for property interest and government rights of mines in next year's budget and comparing this figure with this year's budget law shows a 29.4 percent increase in government revenue in this area. Also, according to paragraph (e) of Note 7 of next year's budget bill, clearing the debts with the debts of Iran's Industrial Development and Renovation Organizations (IDRO) and Iran's Mines and Mining Industries Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO) up to one thousand billion Tomans in next year's total budget bill The country was allowed. Accordingly, the government is allowed to claim before 1397 the Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran and Imidro, for participation in the financing of the specialized bank of industry and mining, as well as the claims of these two organizations and the Ministry of Petroleum through a subsidiary company for shares belonging to From the transfer of shares in accordance with the relevant laws subject to the performance of the duties subject to the Law on Implementation of General Policies of Article (44) of the Constitution with their debt to the government for taxes and dividends up to 10 thousand billion rials (one thousand billion tomans) collectively through Clean the treasury circulation.

Concluding remarks

Private ownership of mines in the Islamic Republic is abolished, but the law allows the right to use mines on the condition of paying government fees and in the form of a long-term contract, in the name of an exploitation license. According to Note 3 of Article 10 of the Mining Law, the exploitation license is an official, binding document containing the exploitation period based on the mine identification card and the approved exploitation plan, renewable, negotiable and transferable to third parties. He is in the implementation of its provisions. The duration of each operation period is determined according to the above and the available reserve up to a maximum of 25 years with the right of priority for renewal for the license holder; Therefore, government ownership of mines and property rights are among the sources of funding for the budget.