According to the International Exhibition of Iranian Stone, the government, in the framework of the National Housing Action Plan, has put the renovation of one hundred and forty-five thousand housing units on the agenda. Of this number, 100,000 units have been renovated and improved by the private sector, and 45,000 units have been targeted by the Urban Reconstruction Company. However, the evidence suggests that programs do not have the right speed for a variety of reasons that stem from inflation. In this regard, the CEO of Iran Urban Regeneration Company says that the changes and fluctuations of macroeconomic indicators slowed down the modernization.

However, the government has provided incentives and facilities to encourage builders to renovate dysfunctional structures. From the second half of last year in the city of Tehran, professional builders up to the limit of two hundred and fifty million tomans of renovation loan will be paid, which was one hundred and seventy million tomans before. However, statistics show that due to the unattractiveness and low return on investment in worn-out structures, the facility has not been well received by the private sector.

Details of the loan of one hundred and eighty to two hundred and fifty million tomans in worn-out tissue

From paragraph A of Note 18 of last year's budget law to the mass builders who are building in Tehran metropolis using new technologies, modernization facilities for two units of two hundred and fifty million tomans, in the form of fifty million tomans with an interest rate of nine percent (Agency contract) One hundred million Tomans will be paid by the interest rate of eighteen percent (without deposit) and one hundred million Tomans by the interest rate of sixteen percent (purchase of securities) by Amel Bank (Maskan Bank).

Also, one hundred million tomans of renovation facilities will be paid to the applicants in an inefficient manner in the dysfunctional context of Tehran. These facilities are allocated in the form of fifty million Tomans with an interest rate of nine percent (agency contract), thirty million Tomans with an interest rate of sixteen percent (purchase of securities) and twenty million Tomans with an interest rate of eighteen percent (without deposit).

Other mass builders in metropolitan cities, provincial capitals and cities with more than 200,000 people and other cities receive two hundred and thirty, two hundred and twenty-one hundred and eighty million tomans, respectively, for each unit under construction. Maleki's applicants will also benefit from the facilities of 80 million Tomans in metropolitan cities, provincial centers and cities with more than 200,000 people, and 60 million Tomans in other cities.

Repayment will be for a period of ten years (three years of civil partnership and seven years of installment sales), which can be transferred to individuals at the time of sale.

Construction license in Tehran's worn-out fabric is free

Abbas Shafiei, a member of the board of directors of Iran Urban Regeneration Company, recently announced that the tariffs for services of the Engineering System Organization in worn-out areas have been reduced. It is all over the country. Issuance of manufacturing licenses in worn-out areas in Tehran is free of charge and is considered an average of another seventy-five percent discount.

What are the challenges of modernizing dysfunctional tissues?

In recent years, the government has put the renovation of hundreds of thousands of housing units in targeted areas for recreation, including dilapidated structures, suburbs and informal settlements, on the agenda, which has failed miserably; As far as President Hassan Rouhani is concerned, the progress of the operation to restore worn-out tissue has not been as expected.

Mehdi Abouri, Deputy Minister of Roads and Urban Development and CEO of Iran Urban Reconstruction Company, said that the reason for the slow progress of reviving worn-out structures can be seen in a wide range of events, including changes and fluctuations in macroeconomic indicators. The building searched.

At the same time, he says that the flow of issuing building permits in the country has been declining since 1392; So that from eight hundred thousand units in 1392 in urban areas has decreased to about three hundred thousand units. This is due to the stagflation of the housing and construction market, the high cost of land and construction inputs, the high cost of wages, the decline in purchasing power, the devaluation of facilities at cost and the like. This trend will certainly affect the issuance of modernization licenses in dilapidated and dysfunctional urban areas, but the intensity of its decline is less due to government policies in this sector and has decreased from about 80,000 units in 1392 to sixty thousand units. In other words, the share of renovated housing in worn-out areas of the total housing produced in urban areas has increased from ten percent in 1392 to about twenty percent. This indicates that the market is profitable, capable, and strengthened with a shorter return on investment in dilapidated and dysfunctional urban areas, and that if builders focus on building quality units with a smaller size in the middle of cities, their return on investment will be higher. These structures have the potential to return to the historic heart of cities, revitalize them, accommodate the younger generation and the home of the first, and forecasts show that the future housing market in these areas will account for up to 30% of the total housing market.

The resistance of government agencies to the transfer of their lands to modernization

Under the reorganization law, government agencies are required to provide the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development with their surplus land in dilapidated areas for renovation. This is a challenge that the ministry has continued since the time of Abbas Akhundi, who said that thirty-six square meters of land had been allocated for renovation and improvement.

In this regard, many government-owned lands, government institutions, endowments and the like have been left in the heart of cities and have remained unresolved. And they are the result of the flow of regeneration. Despite the explicitness of Article 6 of the Law on Organizing and Protecting the Production and Supply of Housing, the orders of the President, the Ministers of Roads, Urban Development and Economic Affairs and Finance, governors and other executive officials They do not own it. According to the identifications made, these lands have the capacity to produce more than one hundred thousand housing units and can enter the processing and cycle of housing renovation, key to key and recreation as a permanent trustee of the Land and Housing Bank.

The suffering of marginalization caused by migration to cities

Referring to the migration process to cities over the past 100 years, the CEO of Iran Urban Regeneration Company said that the change in production and livelihoods in the country over the past 100 years from agricultural and industrial economy to service-based economy has led to widespread migration flows to cities. So that from 1335 (the first official period of the general census of population and housing) to 2016 (the last official period of the general census of population and housing) the proportion of urbanization in Iran has increased from thirty percent to seventy-five percent. While our cities did not have the necessary infrastructure to host this huge wave of migration, the result is the creation of more than one hundred and forty-eight thousand hectares of dysfunctional tissue and informal settlements with a population of over twenty million. This means that the urban management and the body of government and the rule of the system today have inherited huge changes and immigration trends in the 1940s, 1981s and 1991s, and fortunately today immigration trends are undergoing calmer and more planned changes.

He stated that the statistics show that these twenty million dear citizens live in about five and seven million non-sustainable houses, and in the last decade (2009-2010) about six hundred thousand units have been renovated and improved in these areas. Therefore, the statistical population of this action targets about five million units in need of renovation, which should be determined during the years of the sixth and seventh development plans. Meanwhile, with the cooperation of the government and the country's municipalities, infrastructural and superstructure measures have been taken to improve the neighborhoods and living environment of the residents. Meanwhile, some cities in the country are ahead of others, for example, the municipality of Tehran has announced a coefficient of tissue renewal in the last ten years about forty percent, but the rate in the whole country is about ten percent.

* ISNA